Courses of Study : Digital Literacy and Computer Science

Examples: Tying shoes, making a sandwich, brushing teeth.

Examples: Mouse, touch screen, keyboard.

Example: Your birth date is private; your shirt color is public.

Example: Keeping passwords, name, address, and phone number confidential.

Examples: Face-to-face collaborative groups or interactions, online interactions, role play.

Examples: Communication, doctor's visits/medical records, maps and directions.

Examples: Find simple facts about a specific topic, create a slide that contains facts located in trade books or other sources as a group or with a partner.

Examples: Interactive boards, tablets, laptops, other handheld devices.

Example: Problem - understanding locations on the school campus. Solution - draw paper or digital maps of the school.

Examples: Sort by shape, color, or other attribute; sort A-Z.

Examples: Unplugged coding activities, sequence of instruction.

Examples: Block programming, basic robotics, unplugged programming.

Example: Keep passwords confidential, use anonymous profile picture or avatar, develop user names that are non-identifying or do not include actual name.

Examples: Cyberbullying, online etiquette.

Example: Location services, instantaneous access to information.

Examples: Video calling, blogs, collaborative documents.

Examples: Choosing a word processing tool to write a story, choosing a spreadsheet for a budget.

Examples: Find simple facts about a specific topic, create a slide that contains facts located in trade books or other sources.

Example: Using charts which depict data students interpret the data either verbally or in written form (which has more, less, are equal).

Examples: Interactive boards, tablets, laptops, other handheld devices

Examples: Visible input and output components such as USB, touch screen, keyboard, audio and video connectors, speakers.

Examples: Scientific method, visual images or mind pictures, look for patterns, systematic list.

Examples: Sort data spreadsheets A-Z, simple filters, and tables.

Examples: Unplugged coding activities, illustrate sequence of a process such as baking a cake.

Examples: Digital block-based programming, basic robotics.

Examples: Problem-solving, trial and error.

Example: Basic website citation.

Example: netiquette.

Example: Anything posted or communicated electronically may be easily reproduced and could remain a positive or negative part of your digital identity/footprint.

Example: Discuss tasks completed daily in which some type of device is used to make the tasks easier (calculator, microwave to quickly heat food, mobile phone for instant communication).

Examples: Online conferences, blogs, collaborative documents.

Examples: Folders, cloud-based, pictures, chronologically, naming files.

Examples: Purpose of keyboard, mouse, ports, printers, etc.

Examples: Create a presentation, drawing or graphic, audio tool, or video.

Examples: Secret codes/encryption, Roman numerals, or abbreviations.

Example: Problem - making a peanut butter sandwich; sub-problem - opening jar, finding a knife, getting the bread.
Problem - design and share a brochure; sub-problem - selecting font, choosing layout.

Example: Multiple paths exist to get home from school; one may be a shorter distance while one may encounter less traffic.

Examples: Move a character/robot/person through a maze. List steps to build a sandwich.

Examples: Sequencing cards for unplugged activities, online coding practice.

Examples: Body position, lighting, positioning of equipment, taking breaks.

Examples: Passwords, virus protection software, spam filters, pop-up blockers.

Examples: Search ads, banner ads, in-game ads, email ads.

Examples: Libraries, community centers, restaurants, education programs, schools, or hardware/software donation programs.

Examples: Gives access to information; provides the ability to communicate with others around the world; enables people to buy and sell things.

Example: Create a digital presentation to persuade school administrators to allow additional time for lunch.

Examples: Use search techniques, check for credibility and validity.

Examples: Library catalogs, school records, telephone directories, or contact lists.

Examples: Computers, smartphones, tablets, robots, e-textiles, driving directions apps that access remote map services, digital personal assistants that access remote information services.

Examples: Sorting alphabetically, finding a path across a cluttered room.

Example: A spell-checker can check thousands of words faster than a human could look them up; however, a spell-checker might not know whether underserved is correct or if the author's intent was to type undeserved.

Examples: Uneven table leg, noise in the cafeteria, tallying the collection of food drive donations.

Examples: Combine data from multiple sources, sorting multi-level.

Examples: Problem - a multi-step math problem; sub-problem - steps to solve.
Problem - light bulb does not light; sub-problem - steps to resolve why.

Example: Trace the path of a set of directions to determine success or failure.

Examples: Passwords, virus protection software, spam filters, pop-up blockers.

Examples: Search ads, pay-per-click ads, banner ads, targeted ads, in-game ads, email ads.

Examples: Search techniques, check for credibility and validity.

Examples: Sorting, totaling, averaging, charts, and graphs.

Examples: Collect and record data, print, use send command, connect to Internet, or search; use probes, sensors, printers, robots, or computers.

Examples: Create a model of the water cycle and indicate that it shows how precipitation forms but does not indicate how pesticides get into rivers.

Examples: Global Positioning System [GPS] to navigate, text-to-speech feature to read aloud from a digital resource, translate a digital resource to a different language.

Example: Student-created complex secret codes using more than one form to solve a problem or answer a question.

Examples: Program the movement of a character, robot, or person through a maze.
Define a variable that can be changed or updated.

Examples: Set initial value of a variable, updating variables.

Examples: Passwords, virus protection software, spam filters, pop-up blockers, cookies.

Examples: Section 508, Telecommunication Act of 1996, Braille, closed captioning, text to speech.

Examples: personalized web experiences based on tailored web searches, maintaining search history, quicker access to relevant information.

Example: student created print and/or digital resource to share WiFi or other connectivity opportunities within the community.

Examples: Infographic, student created website.

Examples: Search techniques, check for credibility and validity.

Examples: Geolocations, geotagging.

Examples: Links, nodes, networking devices.

Examples: Logging in at school, logging personal devices to public networks.

Examples: Object motion, weather, ecosystem, predator/prey.

Examples: Phishing, impersonating

Examples: Design backpack for a specific user's needs; design a method to collect and transport water without the benefit of faucets; design boats that need to hold as much payload as possible before sinking; design models of chairs based on specific user needs.

Examples: When making a sandwich, the type of bread, condiments, meats, and/or vegetables do not affect the fact that one is making a sandwich.

Example: Functions or sets of steps combined to produce a process: turning off your alarm + getting out of bed + brushing your teeth + getting dressed = morning routine.

Examples: Using if/then/else (If it is raining then bring an umbrella else get wet).

Example: Flowcharts use shapes to indicate what to do at each step while pseudocode uses text.

Examples: Sequencing is doing steps in order (put on socks, put on shoes, tie laces); selection uses a Boolean condition to determine which of two parts of an algorithm are used (hair is dirty? True, wash hair; false, do not); iteration is the repetition of part of an algorithm until a condition is met (if you're happy and you know it clap your hands, when you're no longer happy you stop clapping).

Example: Compare the amount of time/work to hand wash a car vs. using an automated car wash.

Example: Create a flowchart in which the variable or object returns to a starting position upon completion of a task.

Example: HTTP vs. HTTPS.

Examples: Software that scans a website for posts about potential threats; a person's ability to order a product directly from a manufacturer in another part of the world; a student in Africa can take an online math course created in the United States; web-hosting company prevents posting of content.

Example: Use editing or versioning tools to track changes to data.

Examples: Using an online collection tool or form to collect data that is then stored in a spreadsheet or database.

Examples: Difference between a bit and a byte, bit representation, pixels.

Examples: Wired, wireless (WiFi), local, wide area, mobile, Internet, and intranet.

Example: Students will discuss why an engineer may build a model of a building before actually constructing the building.

Examples: Image recognition, voice assistants.

Example: Students will devise a plan to alleviate traffic congestion around the school during drop-off and pick-up.

Example: Get a writing utensil, get paper, jot notes can collectively be named "note taking".

Example: Automated vacuum pseudocode — drive forward until the unit encounters an obstacle; reverse 2"; rotate 30 degrees to the left, repeat.

Examples: Debit card transactions are approved until the account balance is insufficient to fund the transaction = iteration, do until.

Examples: Lunch line algorithm that contains parameters for bringing your lunch and multiple options available in the lunch line.

Example: Set of recipes (algorithms) for preparing a complete meal.

Examples: Update the value of score when a coin is collected (in a flowchart, pseudocode or program).

Examples: Permissions, encryption, vault, locked closet.

Examples: Phishing, hoaxes, impersonation, baiting, spoofing.

Example: Review an article published in the United States and compare to an article on the same subject published in China.

Example: Would students create a webpage aimed at reaching a village of users that have no way access to the Internet?

Examples: Design a multi-media children's e-book with an appropriate readability level.

Examples: FTP, HTTP

Examples: Stack, array, queue, table, database.

Examples: Home network, public network, business network.

Examples: Various password requirements, two-factor authentication, biometric, geolocation.

Examples: When creating a random name generator, the program needs access to a list of possible names.

Examples: Hardware, software, stylus, sticky keys.

Example: Create a program that utilizes functions in an effort remove repetitive sequences of steps.

Example: Examine a set of block-based code and explain how abstraction was used.

Example: Use a block-based or script programming language
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare variables a, b and c.
Step 3: Read variables a, b and c.
Step 4: If a>b
      If a>c
         Display a is the largest number.
     Else
         Display c is the largest number.
   Else
      If b>c
         Display b is the largest number.
      Else
         Display c is the greatest number.
Step 5: Stop

Example: 3⁸ = 3*3*3*3*3*3*3*3; =(Average) used in a spreadsheet to average a given list of grades.

Examples: Make a game, interactive card, story, or adventure game.

Examples: lock spreadsheet cell(s), password protect, encrypt.

Examples: Phishing, hoaxes, impersonation, baiting, spoofing.

Example: Students create a brochure that highlights the consequences of illegally downloading media.

Example: Create and share a help video for a senior's center that provides tips for online safety.

Example: Create a presentation outlining the social implications of limiting access to web content by favoring or blocking particular products or websites.

Examples: Stack, array, queue, table, database.

Example: Create and decipher a message sent in a secret code.

Example: Create a presentation outlining how to create a cost-efficient method to melt snow on roads during the winter.

Example: Discuss how password protections and encryption are similar and different.

Example: Food chain, supply and demand.

Examples: Demonstrate that pressure changes with temperature in a controlled environment; demonstrate that rocket design affects the height of a rocket's launch; demonstrate that the amount of water changes the height of a plant.

Example: Research multiple speech to text technologies and write a persuasive essay in favor of one over another.

Examples: Students debate the use of artificial intelligence in self-driving vehicles.
Students write a persuasive essay to argue for or against digital personal assistants.

Examples: Create a public service announcement or design a computer program, game, or application.

Examples: Millions of lines of code control the subsystems within an automobile (e.g., antilock braking systems, lane detection, and self-parking).

a. Explain that some algorithms do not lead to exact solutions in a reasonable amount of time and thus approximations are acceptable.

b. Compare and contrast the difference between specific control structures such as sequential statements, conditional, iteration, and explain the benefits and drawbacks of choices made.

Examples: Tradeoffs involving implementation, readability, and program performance.

c. Distinguish when a problem solution requires decisions to be made among alternatives, such as selection constructs, or when a solution needs to be iteratively processed to arrive at a result, such as iterative 'loop' constructs or recursion.

d. Evaluate and select algorithms based on performance, reusability, and ease of implementation.

e. Explain how more than one algorithm may solve the same problem and yet be characterized with different priorities.

Examples: All self-driving cars have a common goal of taking a passenger to a designation but may have different priorities such as safety, speed, or conservation; web search engines have their own algorithms for search with their own priorities.

Examples: Sorting, searching, shortest path, and data compression.

Examples: Strings, lists, arrays, stacks, queues.

a. Develop and use a series of test cases to verify that a program performs according to its design specifications.

b. Collaborate in a code review process to identify correctness, efficiency, scalability and readability of program code.

Examples: Test for infinite loops, check for bad input, check edge-cases.

a. Recognize user tracking methods and hazards.

Examples: Cookies, WiFi packet sniffing.

b. Understand how to apply techniques to mitigate effects of user tracking methods.

c. Understand the ramifications of end-user license agreements and terms of service associated with granting rights to personal data and media to other entities.

d. Explain the relationship between online privacy and personal security.

Examples: Convenience and accessibility, data mining, digital marketing, online wallets, theft of personal information.

e. Identify physical, legal, and ethical consequences of inappropriate digital behaviors.

Examples: Cyberbullying/harassment, inappropriate sexual communications.

f. Explain strategies to lessen the impact of negative digital behaviors and assess when to apply them.

Examples: Usability, security, portability, and scalability.

Examples: Unmanned vehicles, net neutrality/common carriers, hacking, intellectual property, piracy, plagiarism.

Examples: Dissemination of privileged information, ransomware.

Examples: Digital currencies, ridesharing, autonomous vehicles, retail, Internet of Things.

Examples: Government, business, medicine, entertainment, education, transportation.

Examples: Artificial Intelligence/machine learning, mobile applications, automation of traditional occupational skills.

a. Apply version control capabilities within a digital tool to understand the importance of managing historical changes across suggestions made by a collaborative team.

Examples: Collaborative documents, webinars, teleconferencing, and virtual fieldtrips

Examples: Client server, peer-to-peer, cloud computing.

Examples: Bandwidth, load, delay.

a. Explain the purpose of Internet Protocol addresses and how domain names are resolved to IP addresses through a Domain Name System server.

b. Understand the need for networking protocols and examples of common protocols.

Examples: HTTP, SMTP, and FTP