English Language Arts 12. Interpret the meaning of words, phrases, and patterns as they are used in texts, including domain-specific and academic vocabulary and figurative language.
a. Locate similes, metaphors, personification, hyperbole, imagery, alliteration, onomatopoeia, and idioms and interpret their meanings in context.
b. Explain the meanings of common idioms, adages, and proverbs.
c. Use the relationships between synonyms, antonyms, and homographs to increase understanding of word meanings.
d. Explain how an author's vocabulary and style influence the tone and mood of a text and support his/her purpose for writing.
e. Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meanings of words.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
12.
Domain-specific vocabulary
Academic vocabulary
Figurative language
12a.
Similes
Metaphors
Personification
Hyperbole
Imagery
Alliteration
Onomatopoeia
Idioms
12b.
Common idioms
Common adages
Common proverbs
12c.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Homographs
12d.
Author's vocabulary
Author's style
Tone
Mood
Purpose
12e.
Common Latin roots
Common Greek roots
Common Latin affixes
Common Greek affixes Knowledge:
12. Student know:
Academic vocabulary is language that is more formal than spoken language.
Domain-specific vocabulary refers to words that are used specifically in school subject areas, like math, science, and social studies.
Figurative language is a creative way to use words and phrases beyond their literal definition to explain or describe something.
Strategies to determine the meaning of words, phrases, and patterns in text.
12a.
Figurative language is a creative way to use words and phrases beyond their literal definition to explain or describe something.
Examples of figurative language include similes, metaphors, personification, hyperbole, imagery, alliteration, onomatopoeia, and idioms.
12b.
Idioms, adages, and proverbs are all figures of speech, in which the words and phrases carry meaning beyond their literal definitions.
An idiom is a common saying with a meaning different from that of its individual words.
Adages and proverbs are well-known sayings that have been used for a long time.
Proverbs usually give practical advice about ways to behave and live.
12c.
Words with opposite meanings are antonyms, and words with similar meanings are synonyms.
Homographs are words that are spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced the same and have different meanings and origins.
12d.
Authors choose particular vocabulary and write in a specific style depending on the purpose of the writing and the tone and mood they intend to create.
Tone is the attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience, and mood is the overall feeling, or atmosphere, of a text.
12e.
Many English words and English morphemes originated from ancient Latin and Greek languages.
Understanding Latin and Greek roots and affixes can provide clues to meanings of unknown words. Skills:
12. Students are able to:
Interpret the meaning of domain-specific vocabulary, academic vocabulary, and figurative language as they are used in texts.
12a.
Identify examples of similes, metaphors, personification, hyperbole, imagery, alliteration, onomatopoeia, and idioms in text.
Interpret the meaning of the figurative language in context.
12b.
Identify examples of common idioms, adages, and proverbs.
Explain the meanings of common idioms, adages, and proverbs.
12c.
Use synonyms, antonyms, and homographs to interpret word meaning.
12d.
Identify the tone and mood of a text.
Explain how an author's vocabulary and writing style influence the tone and mood of the text.
Identify an author's purpose for writing a text.
Explain how an author's vocabulary and writing style support their purpose for writing the text.
12e.
Identify and use Latin and Greek affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word. Understanding:
12. Students understand that:
There are multiple strategies they can use to interpret the meaning of academic and domain-specific vocabulary, including using context clues in the text, their background knowledge, the morphological structure of the word, and outside resources.
Words and phrases, including figurative language, can have different meanings in different texts.
12a.
Figurative language carries meaning other than the literal meaning of the words or phrases, and authors choose to include figurative language in text to enhance the text's meaning.
12b.
Idioms, adages, and proverbs are figures of speech that carry meaning beyond the literal definitions of the words.
To fully comprehend text that contains figures of speech, they must learn the meaning of common idioms, adages, and proverbs.
12c.
The relationships between words can be used to increase vocabulary knowledge.
12d.
Authors select specific words and write in a particular style to set a tone and mood for the text, and indicate their purpose for writing the text.
12e.
The meaning of an unknown word can be learned by knowing the morphology and orthography of the word, including its origin.
