ALEX Lesson Plan

     

Time After Time: How Can We Use Timelines to Reconstruct the Past? Part 3

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  This lesson provided by:  
Author:Carol McLaughlin
System: Hoover City
School: Greystone Elementary School
And
Author:Amanda Walker
System: Hoover City
School: Bluff Park Elementary School
  General Lesson Information  
Lesson Plan ID: 35472

Title:

Time After Time: How Can We Use Timelines to Reconstruct the Past? Part 3

Overview/Annotation:

The lesson will focus on creating a timeline. The teacher and students will work together to collect data from teachers around the school. Using this data, students will work to complete a class timeline and formulate questions to ask others about their completed timeline. This lesson will require four 30-45 minute sessions to complete.

This unit was created as part of the ALEX Interdisciplinary Resource Development Summit.

 Associated Standards and Objectives 
Content Standard(s):
Social Studies
SS2010 (2010)
Grade: 2
Living and Working Together in State and Nation
3 ) Use various primary sources, including calendars and timelines, for reconstructing the past.

Examples: historical letters, stories, interviews with elders, photographs, maps, artifacts

Unpacked Content
Strand: History
Course Title: Living and Working Together in State and Nation
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Reconstruct a past event using various primary sources, including calendars and timelines.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • primary sources
  • calendars
  • timelines
  • reconstructing
  • past
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • How to use a calendar.
  • How to interpret a timeline.
  • Vocabulary: primary sources, calendar, timeline, past, historical letter, artifacts
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Read a calendar.
  • Create and use a timeline.
  • Analyze a historical document.
  • Utilize maps, photographs, and other visual historic resources.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Primary sources play an important role in reconstructing the past.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SS.AAS.2.3- Use various primary sources, including calendars and timelines, for reconstructing the past.


Mathematics
MA2019 (2019)
Grade: 2
17. Measure the length of an object by selecting and using standard units of measurement shown on rulers, yardsticks, meter sticks, or measuring tapes.
Unpacked Content
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • choose appropriate tools and units of measurement based on size of object.
  • measure objects correctly.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Standard units of measurement
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • standard units of length measure (inches, feet, yards, centimeters and meters) and the related tools.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • measure length in standard units (inches, feet, yards, centimeters and meters).
  • choose and accurately use appropriate measurement tools and units of measure.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • without overlaps or gaps.
  • the length of the object is expressed as the number of unit lengths needed to cover the same distance.
Diverse Learning Needs:
Essential Skills:
Learning Objectives:
M.2.17.1: Identify units of measurement for length.
Examples: inches, feet, yard; centimeter, meters.
M.2.17.2: Demonstrate how to use measurement tools.
Example: avoiding gaps and overlaps.
M.2.17.3: Identify measurement tools.
M.2.17.4: Model measuring using non-standard units.
M.2.17.5: Order three objects by length.
M.2.17.6: Compare the lengths of two objects indirectly by using a third object.
M.2.17.7: Describe measurable attributes of objects such as length or weight.

Prior Knowledge Skills:
  • Define more, less, length, width, weight and height.
  • Identify objects by length and height.
    Examples: shortest pencil, heaviest rock.
  • Identify objects by length.
    Examples: shortest pencil, heaviest rock.
  • Sort objects according to measurable attributes.
  • Sort objects according to non-measurable attributes.
  • Use comparative language (longer/shorter, taller/shorter) for the attributes of objects related to length.
  • Communicate long, tall, short.
  • Recognize the length attributes of objects (long/short, tall/short).
  • Recognize length as the measurement of something from end to end.
  • Understanding concepts of small, big, tall, short.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
M.AAS.2.17 Using vocalization, sign language, augmentative communication, or assistive technology, identify standard tools associated with measurement (clock, ruler, scale, measuring cup); measure the lengths of objects using nonstandard units (e.g., hands, paper clips).


Mathematics
MA2019 (2019)
Grade: 2
22. Create a number line diagram using whole numbers and use it to represent whole-number sums and differences within 100.
Unpacked Content
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • create number line(s) with equally spaced points and a scale of one.
  • represent the quantities as lengths from 0.
  • explain and justify the solutions using representations on number lines (may include open number lines).
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Number line
  • Whole numbers
  • Sum
  • Difference
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • how to create a number line.
  • how to count forwards and backwards on a number line.
  • how to use addition and subtraction to solve equations using the number line.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • represent quantities and addition/subtraction on number line diagrams.
  • create and use number line models to represent, solve, and justify solutions to addition and subtraction problems within 100.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • quantities can be represented as distances from zero on a number line.
  • a variety of models, including number lines, can be used to represent and solve addition and subtraction problems.
Diverse Learning Needs:
Essential Skills:
Learning Objectives:
M.2.22.1: Recognize that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger; and each previous number name refers to a quantity that is one less.
M.2.22.2: Use a number line to add and subtract within 10.
M.2.22.3: Write numerals 0 to 100.
M.2.22.4: Trace numerals 0 to 100.

Prior Knowledge Skills:
  • Represent addition and subtraction with objects, pictures, fingers, or sounds within twenty.
  • Understand addition as putting together and subtraction as taking from.
  • Establish one-to-one correspondence between numbers and objects.
  • Rote count to 25.
  • Notice same/different and some/all.
  • Point to matching or similar objects.
  • Add and subtract numbers within 20 using objects, pictures and fingers.
  • Pair "taking away" with subtraction.
  • Take a smaller set out of a larger set.
  • Pair putting together with adding.
  • Combine two sets to make a larger set up to twenty.
  • Count items in a set up to twenty.
  • Using counting, find one less than a number 2 through 20.
  • Using counting, find one more than a number 1 through 20.
  • Understand +, -, = and what they represent.
  • Count forward to 50 by tens.
  • Count backwards from 50 by tens.
  • Mimic counting to 50 by tens.
  • Trace numerals 0- 50.
  • Mimic creating a number line with equally spaced points from 0 to 20.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
M.AAS.2.22 Represent whole-number sums within 20 using a number line.


English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
R1. Utilize active listening skills during discussion and conversation in pairs, small groups, or whole-class settings, following agreed-upon rules for participation.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
R1.
  • Active Listening
  • Discussion
  • Conversation
  • Rules
  • Participation
Knowledge:
R1. Students know:
  • Active listening skills.
  • Agreed-upon rules for participation for discussions and conversations in a variety of settings.
Skills:
R1. Students are able to:
  • Demonstrate active listening skills during discussion and conversation in pairs, small groups, or whole-class settings.
  • Converse in pairs, small groups, and large groups.
  • Practice the agreed-upon rules for participation.
Understanding:
R1. Students understand that:
  • Conversations and discussions follow agreed-upon rules to help us actively listen and gain understanding.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
1. Participate in conversations and discussions with groups and peers utilizing agreed-upon rules.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
1.
  • Conversations
  • Discussions
  • Groups
  • Peers
  • Agreed-upon rules
Knowledge:
1. Students know:
  • Speaking and listening skills for discussions and conversations with groups and peers.
  • Agreed-upon rules for discussions.
Skills:
1. Students are able to:
  • Listen attentively.
  • Add to conversations.
  • Take turns speaking.
  • Respond to the comments of others.
  • Extend conversations.
  • Converse with peers and adults.
  • Converse in small and large groups.
  • Ask clarifying questions.
Understanding:
1. Students understand that:
  • Good conversations occur when participants actively listen, build on others' ideas, and ask clarifying questions.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
2. Present information orally using complete sentences, appropriate volume, and clear pronunciation.

a. Use oral language for different purposes: to inform, to entertain, to persuade, to clarify, and to respond.

b. Use complex sentence structures when speaking.

c. Ask and answer questions to seek help, clarify meaning, or get information.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
2.
  • Present
  • Orally
  • Complete sentences
  • Appropriate volume
  • Clear pronunciation
2a.
  • Oral language
  • Purposes
  • Inform
  • Entertain
  • Persuade
  • Clarify
  • Respond
2b.
  • Complex sentence structures
2c.
  • Ask
  • Answer
  • Seek
  • Clarify
Knowledge:
2. Students know:
  • Speaking skills for oral presentations.
2a.
  • Oral language skills for different purposes of communication.
2b.
  • The structure of a complex sentence.
2c.
    Questions to seek help.
  • Questions to clarify information.
  • Questions to get information.
  • Responses to questions with appropriate information.
Skills:
2. Students are able to:
  • Form complete sentences, use appropriate volume based on the situation or environment, and use clear pronunciation when sharing information orally.
2a.
  • Use listening and speaking skills to inform, entertain, persuade, clarify, and respond.
2b.
  • Use complex sentences when sharing information orally.
2c.
  • Ask and answer questions to seek help, clarify meaning or get information.
Understanding:
2. Students understand that:
  • To communicate clearly, a speaker should use complete sentences, a voice volume that can be heard by the audience, and clearly pronounced words.
2a.
  • They can use their oral language should vary depending on its purpose.
2b.
  • Using complex sentence structures when speaking helps to provide details and combine ideas in an interesting way.
2c. Students understand that:
  • They can get help, learn new information, or express information they know or have learned by asking and answering questions, depending on the task at hand.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
3. Demonstrate oral literacy skills by participating in a variety of oral language activities.

Examples: creating oral stories, participating in oral dramatic activities, reciting poems and stories
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
3.
  • Oral literacy skills
  • Oral language activities
Knowledge:
3. Students know:
  • Oral literacy skills include speaking, listening, and comprehending.
Skills:
3. Students are able to:
  • Demonstrate oral literacy skills in a variety of oral language activities, such as creating oral stories, participating in oral dramatic activities, reciting poems and stories.
Understanding:
3. Students understand that:
  • Practicing their oral literacy skills through a variety of activities will help improve their speaking, listening, and comprehension abilities.

Local/National Standards:

 

Primary Learning Objective(s):

Students will:

  • use timelines to reconstruct the past.
  • measure objects using standard units of measurement.
  • create a number line diagram (timeline) using whole numbers.
  • utilize active listening skills in a variety of contexts, following agreed-upon rules.
  • orally ask questions to get information.
  • demonstrate oral literacy skills by interviewing teachers from their school.

Additional Learning Objective(s):

 
 Preparation Information 

Total Duration:

91 to 120 Minutes

Materials and Resources:

Student/Teacher Materials:

  • Paper

  • Pencils

  • Post-It notes

  • School map

  • Google Docs

  • Printer

  • Sharpies

  • Glue

  • Bulletin Board Paper

  • Earmuffs for Everyone by Meghan McCarthy (Acceleration book)

  • Exit Ticket: https://goo.gl/cUOSFd

  • Timeline Rubric: https://goo.gl/dn1uLS

Technology Resources Needed:

Tablets with a camera or a digital camera (to take pictures for the timeline)

Background/Preparation:

Prior to teaching this lesson, students need to understand basic calendar skills such as the order of the days of the week and months of the year. Students will need some basic measuring skills. The teacher will need to email other teachers in the building to let them know of projects. The teacher will want to let other teachers know that students are going to be surveying teachers and asking what year they started teaching at your school.  

  Procedures/Activities: 

Before Strategy/Engage: 10 minutes

TW= Teacher will

SW=Student will

  1. TW review Standard SS3: Use various primary sources, including calendars and timelines, for reconstructing the past.  Examples: historical letters, stories, interviews with elders, photographs, maps, artifacts.  
  2. TW review previous lessons. (Time after Time lessons 1 & 2)
  3. TW state “I wonder when each teacher started teaching at ___________?  If we wanted to make a timeline, what would we need to do?” Insert your school name into the blank (see picture of completed timeline at the end of lesson).

1st 30-45 minute time period

  1. TW/SW develop a list of steps to complete a timeline.
  2. TW/SW start compiling a list of all teachers within the school on sticky notes. TW/SW organize or group the teachers by hallway or grade level to make data collection efficient. Students may reference a school map or directory to ensure all teachers/staff are included.  

2nd 20-45 minute time period

A few days prior to the lesson, TW will email the school to make teachers aware of the timeline project and that students will be coming to interview, and that the interview will only last about 2 minutes.

  1. TW assign students to a group of teacher/staff.
  2. TW/SW generate the survey they will ask each teacher. Example “Hi We’re from Ms. _________’s class and we are working on a timeline project. Can we ask you one question and take your picture? You get to approve the picture before we leave.”  
  3. SW practice speaking skills with the question before leaving to interview teachers.  
  4. TW send out student pairs/teams to interview 2-3 teachers. Tip/Idea: If there is a station or center time, this may be a good time to send pairs out for the short interviews. SW visit 2-3 teachers, so they will return by the next rotation.  
  5. TW/SW look at data collected.
  6. TW/SW make notes of what teachers still need to be interviewed if not completed in one day.  

3rd 30-45 time period

  1. Before the lesson, TW print pictures students captured of teachers around the school. Pictures should be about 2” X 2”.
  2. SW complete interviews for any teachers still needed for the timeline.
  3. SW type teacher names and years teachers’ worked into Google Docs or a word processing document.
  4. SW cut out names and years teachers’ worked to adhere to picture.  
  5. SW compare years and work to organize data collected into years.
  6. SW work together to determine a desired length and spacing for timeline. (5-6 inches works well with the picture size.)
  7. TW/SW work together to determine what the total length of the timeline would need to be.
  8. TW/SW draw the timeline on a long strip of bulletin board paper. TW/SW measure off 5-6 inches for each year.  
  9. SW paste pictures on the timeline.  
  10. TW ask students, "What can we learn from this timeline? Did it match what you thought you would learn?  What else can you learn?"
  11. TW/SW work together to create a list of questions to ask others about the timeline to display in the hallway for others.

 After/Explain, Elaborate:

  1. After all tasks have been completed, SW complete the exit ticket. https://goo.gl/cUOSFd
  2. TW/SW revisit the standard, reflect, and discuss what was discovered.

  Assessment  

Assessment Strategies

Formative Assessment

TW informally assess students during group activities, whole class discussions, and while working on the class timeline. TW check the timeline for understanding: finding dates/events, ordering dates on the timeline, writing events with dates, and measuring equal distances between dates/events using this rubric: https://goo.gl/dn1uLS.

TW use completed exit ticket (https://goo.gl/cUOSFd) to assess student knowledge of timelines.

Acceleration:

Students that need to expand on their understanding, can create a timeline featuring the famous Americans from the group according to their birthdates. They can create this digitally or on paper. This timeline can be shared with the group to deepen understanding of the past as it is related to the featured famous Americans.  

Students could also create a timeline about the invention of earmuffs by using the book Earmuffs for Everyone. This book tells the story of the invention of earmuffs over time. The dates are included in the illustrations. Students can use these dates to create a timeline titled The Invention of Earmuffs and explain how earmuffs have evolved to our modern-day version.

Intervention:

If there are students that require additional help with understanding number order (years in timeline), they should be pulled in a small group to practice number order with the teacher prior to the group activity.


View the Special Education resources for instructional guidance in providing modifications and adaptations for students with significant cognitive disabilities who qualify for the Alabama Alternate Assessment.
Alabama State Department of Education