ALEX Lesson Plan

     

Time After Time: How Can We Use Timelines to Reconstruct the Past? Part 2

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  This lesson provided by:  
Author:Amanda Walker
System: Hoover City
School: Bluff Park Elementary School
And
Author:Carol McLaughlin
System: Hoover City
School: Greystone Elementary School
  General Lesson Information  
Lesson Plan ID: 35471

Title:

Time After Time: How Can We Use Timelines to Reconstruct the Past? Part 2

Overview/Annotation:

The lesson will focus on observing and creating timelines. The teacher will show students example timelines. Students will state things that they notice from the sample timelines. The teacher will read American Symbols: The Lincoln Memorial by Terri DeGezelle. The teacher and students will work together to create a timeline based on American Symbols: The Lincoln Memorial by Terri DeGezelle. Finally, students will break into groups and work to create a timeline with other American Symbols books.

This unit was created as part of the ALEX Interdisciplinary Resource Development Summit.

 Associated Standards and Objectives 
Content Standard(s):
Social Studies
SS2010 (2010)
Grade: 2
Living and Working Together in State and Nation
2 ) Identify national historical figures and celebrations that exemplify fundamental democratic values, including equality, justice, and responsibility for the common good.

•  Recognizing our country's founding fathers, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Patrick Henry, John Adams, John Hancock, and James Madison
•  Recognizing historical female figures, including Abigail Adams, Dolley Madison, Harriet Tubman, and Harriet Beecher Stowe
•  Describing the significance of national holidays, including the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.; Presidents' Day; Memorial Day; the Fourth of July; Veterans Day; and Thanksgiving Day
•  Describing the history of American symbols and monuments
Examples: Liberty Bell, Statue of Liberty, bald eagle, United States flag, Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial

Unpacked Content
Strand: History, Civics and Government
Course Title: Living and Working Together in State and Nation
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Identify national historic figures, including the founding fathers and other historic male and female American's, and relate them to the democratic values each exemplifies.
  • Describe national celebrations, including their significance and democratic values associated with each.
  • Identify American symbols and monuments and describe the history and significance of each.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • historic figures (male and female)
  • celebrations
  • exemplify
  • democratic values
  • recognize
  • founding fathers
  • significance
  • national holidays
  • American symbols
  • monuments
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Fundamental democratic values including equality, justice, and responsibility for the common good.
  • The names and significance of national historic figures, both male and female.
  • The significance of national holidays and the relationship of each to democratic values.
  • The history and significance of American symbols and monuments.
  • Vocabulary: democratic values, equality, justice, responsibility, common good, founding father, national holiday, American symbol, monument
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Identify national historic figures and celebrations.
  • Identify the ways historic figures and celebrations exemplify fundamental democratic values.
  • Recognize our country's founding fathers and other historic male figures.
  • Recognize historic female figures.
  • Describe national holidays, including the significance of each and the democratic values associated with each.
  • Identify American symbols and monuments and describe the history and significance of each.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • There is an importance and impact of national historic figures and celebrations.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SS.AAS.2.2- Describe the significant national holidays, including the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.; Presidents' Day; Memorial Day; the Fourth of July; Veterans Day; and Thanksgiving Day.


Social Studies
SS2010 (2010)
Grade: 2
Living and Working Together in State and Nation
3 ) Use various primary sources, including calendars and timelines, for reconstructing the past.

Examples: historical letters, stories, interviews with elders, photographs, maps, artifacts

Unpacked Content
Strand: History
Course Title: Living and Working Together in State and Nation
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Reconstruct a past event using various primary sources, including calendars and timelines.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • primary sources
  • calendars
  • timelines
  • reconstructing
  • past
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • How to use a calendar.
  • How to interpret a timeline.
  • Vocabulary: primary sources, calendar, timeline, past, historical letter, artifacts
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Read a calendar.
  • Create and use a timeline.
  • Analyze a historical document.
  • Utilize maps, photographs, and other visual historic resources.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Primary sources play an important role in reconstructing the past.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SS.AAS.2.3- Use various primary sources, including calendars and timelines, for reconstructing the past.


Mathematics
MA2019 (2019)
Grade: 2
17. Measure the length of an object by selecting and using standard units of measurement shown on rulers, yardsticks, meter sticks, or measuring tapes.
Unpacked Content
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • choose appropriate tools and units of measurement based on size of object.
  • measure objects correctly.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Standard units of measurement
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • standard units of length measure (inches, feet, yards, centimeters and meters) and the related tools.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • measure length in standard units (inches, feet, yards, centimeters and meters).
  • choose and accurately use appropriate measurement tools and units of measure.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • without overlaps or gaps.
  • the length of the object is expressed as the number of unit lengths needed to cover the same distance.
Diverse Learning Needs:
Essential Skills:
Learning Objectives:
M.2.17.1: Identify units of measurement for length.
Examples: inches, feet, yard; centimeter, meters.
M.2.17.2: Demonstrate how to use measurement tools.
Example: avoiding gaps and overlaps.
M.2.17.3: Identify measurement tools.
M.2.17.4: Model measuring using non-standard units.
M.2.17.5: Order three objects by length.
M.2.17.6: Compare the lengths of two objects indirectly by using a third object.
M.2.17.7: Describe measurable attributes of objects such as length or weight.

Prior Knowledge Skills:
  • Define more, less, length, width, weight and height.
  • Identify objects by length and height.
    Examples: shortest pencil, heaviest rock.
  • Identify objects by length.
    Examples: shortest pencil, heaviest rock.
  • Sort objects according to measurable attributes.
  • Sort objects according to non-measurable attributes.
  • Use comparative language (longer/shorter, taller/shorter) for the attributes of objects related to length.
  • Communicate long, tall, short.
  • Recognize the length attributes of objects (long/short, tall/short).
  • Recognize length as the measurement of something from end to end.
  • Understanding concepts of small, big, tall, short.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
M.AAS.2.17 Using vocalization, sign language, augmentative communication, or assistive technology, identify standard tools associated with measurement (clock, ruler, scale, measuring cup); measure the lengths of objects using nonstandard units (e.g., hands, paper clips).


Mathematics
MA2019 (2019)
Grade: 2
22. Create a number line diagram using whole numbers and use it to represent whole-number sums and differences within 100.
Unpacked Content
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • create number line(s) with equally spaced points and a scale of one.
  • represent the quantities as lengths from 0.
  • explain and justify the solutions using representations on number lines (may include open number lines).
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Number line
  • Whole numbers
  • Sum
  • Difference
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • how to create a number line.
  • how to count forwards and backwards on a number line.
  • how to use addition and subtraction to solve equations using the number line.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • represent quantities and addition/subtraction on number line diagrams.
  • create and use number line models to represent, solve, and justify solutions to addition and subtraction problems within 100.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • quantities can be represented as distances from zero on a number line.
  • a variety of models, including number lines, can be used to represent and solve addition and subtraction problems.
Diverse Learning Needs:
Essential Skills:
Learning Objectives:
M.2.22.1: Recognize that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger; and each previous number name refers to a quantity that is one less.
M.2.22.2: Use a number line to add and subtract within 10.
M.2.22.3: Write numerals 0 to 100.
M.2.22.4: Trace numerals 0 to 100.

Prior Knowledge Skills:
  • Represent addition and subtraction with objects, pictures, fingers, or sounds within twenty.
  • Understand addition as putting together and subtraction as taking from.
  • Establish one-to-one correspondence between numbers and objects.
  • Rote count to 25.
  • Notice same/different and some/all.
  • Point to matching or similar objects.
  • Add and subtract numbers within 20 using objects, pictures and fingers.
  • Pair "taking away" with subtraction.
  • Take a smaller set out of a larger set.
  • Pair putting together with adding.
  • Combine two sets to make a larger set up to twenty.
  • Count items in a set up to twenty.
  • Using counting, find one less than a number 2 through 20.
  • Using counting, find one more than a number 1 through 20.
  • Understand +, -, = and what they represent.
  • Count forward to 50 by tens.
  • Count backwards from 50 by tens.
  • Mimic counting to 50 by tens.
  • Trace numerals 0- 50.
  • Mimic creating a number line with equally spaced points from 0 to 20.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
M.AAS.2.22 Represent whole-number sums within 20 using a number line.


English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
R1. Utilize active listening skills during discussion and conversation in pairs, small groups, or whole-class settings, following agreed-upon rules for participation.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
R1.
  • Active Listening
  • Discussion
  • Conversation
  • Rules
  • Participation
Knowledge:
R1. Students know:
  • Active listening skills.
  • Agreed-upon rules for participation for discussions and conversations in a variety of settings.
Skills:
R1. Students are able to:
  • Demonstrate active listening skills during discussion and conversation in pairs, small groups, or whole-class settings.
  • Converse in pairs, small groups, and large groups.
  • Practice the agreed-upon rules for participation.
Understanding:
R1. Students understand that:
  • Conversations and discussions follow agreed-upon rules to help us actively listen and gain understanding.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
1. Participate in conversations and discussions with groups and peers utilizing agreed-upon rules.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
1.
  • Conversations
  • Discussions
  • Groups
  • Peers
  • Agreed-upon rules
Knowledge:
1. Students know:
  • Speaking and listening skills for discussions and conversations with groups and peers.
  • Agreed-upon rules for discussions.
Skills:
1. Students are able to:
  • Listen attentively.
  • Add to conversations.
  • Take turns speaking.
  • Respond to the comments of others.
  • Extend conversations.
  • Converse with peers and adults.
  • Converse in small and large groups.
  • Ask clarifying questions.
Understanding:
1. Students understand that:
  • Good conversations occur when participants actively listen, build on others' ideas, and ask clarifying questions.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
4. Orally answer who, what, when, where, why, and how questions about a text or conversation, using complete sentences to provide key ideas and details.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
4.
  • Orally
  • Who, what, when where, why, and how questions
  • Complete sentences
  • Key ideas
  • Key details
Knowledge:
4. Students know:
  • Key ideas and details should be included when answering questions.
  • Complete sentences, which contain a subject and a predicate, should be used when answering questions.
  • Who, when, and where questions will have a concrete, objective answer.
  • What, why, and how questions may have a more abstract, subjective answer.
Skills:
4. Students are able to:
  • Orally answer questions about a text or conversation using complete sentences that provide information about key ideas and details.
  • Orally answer who, what, when, where, why, and how questions about a text or conversation with appropriate key ideas and details.
Understanding:
4. Students understand that:
  • When answering who, what, when, where, why, and how questions they should provide key ideas and details from a text or conversation to demonstrate their comprehension.
  • Speaking in complete sentences helps them clearly communicate their message and their understanding.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
22. Use content knowledge built during read-alouds and independent reading of informational and literary texts by participating in content-specific discussions with peers and/or through writing.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
22.
  • Content knowledge
  • Read-alouds
  • Independent reading
  • Informational text
  • Literary Text
  • Content-specific discussions
  • Writing
Knowledge:
22. Students know:
  • Content knowledge is information learned about a specific subject.
  • Content knowledge can be learned by listening to read-alouds or independently reading.
  • Informational text is nonfiction text, and literary text is fictional.
Skills:
22. Students are able to:
  • Build content knowledge from listening to text read aloud and from independently reading.
  • Use content knowledge learned from read-alouds and independent reading in content-specific discussions with peers.
  • Use content knowledge learned from read-alouds and independent reading in writing.
Understanding:
22. Students understand that:
  • Content-specific discussions with peers can demonstrate the content knowledge they learned through read-alouds or independent reading.
  • They can produce writings that demonstrate knowledge of content-specific information.
English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 2
28. Establish a purpose before reading literary and informational texts to enhance comprehension.

Examples: for pleasure, to identify main idea, to gather information or facts on a topic
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
28.
  • Establish
  • Purpose
  • Literary texts
  • Informational texts
  • Enhance
  • Comprehension
Knowledge:
28. Students know:
  • There are different purposes for reading.
  • Authors write text for different purposes.
Skills:
28. Students are able to:
  • Establish a purpose for reading literary and informational text, such as for pleasure, to identify the main idea, to gather information or facts on a topic.
Understanding:
28. Students understand that:
  • There are different purposes for reading, and establishing their purpose before engaging in reading can improve their overall comprehension of literary and informational text.

Local/National Standards:

 

Primary Learning Objective(s):

Students will:

  • describe the history of American symbols.
  • use timelines to reconstruct the past.
  • measure objects using standard units of measurement.
  • create a number line diagram (timeline) using whole numbers.
  • utilize active listening skills in a variety of contexts, following agreed-upon rules.
  • answer questions about a text using complete sentences to provide key details.
  • use content knowledge built during read-alouds and independent reading of informational text by participating in content-specific discussions and writing. 
  • establish a purpose before reading informational texts to enhance comprehension.

Additional Learning Objective(s):

 
 Preparation Information 

Total Duration:

61 to 90 Minutes

Materials and Resources:

  • Kid-friendly/high-interest timelines on the internet

  • American Symbols: The Lincoln Memorial by Terri DeGezelle

  • Books with the last four pages bound with paper clips:  
    • American Symbols: The Statue of Liberty by Marc Tyler Nobleman
    • American Symbols: The Pledge of Allegiance by Marc Tyler Nobleman
    • American Symbols: The Statue of Liberty by Marc Tyler Nobleman
    • American Symbols: The Star-Spangled Banner by Debbie L. Yanuck
    • American Symbols: The Liberty Bell by Debbie L. Yanuck
    • American Symbols: Ellis Island by Terri DeGezelle
    • American Symbols: The U.S. Capitol by Terri DeGezelle
    • American Symbols: The White House by Debbie L Yanuck

  • Paper
  • Pencils

  • Rulers

  • Timeline Rubric: https://goo.gl/dn1uLS

  • Exit Ticket: https://goo.gl/cUOSFd.

Technology Resources Needed:

  • iPad or computer to print off rubric and exit ticket
  • Projector

Background/Preparation:

Prior to teaching this lesson, students need to understand basic calendar skills such as the order of numbers or the order of years. Students will need some basic measuring skills. Students will need to be able to read independently or with peer assistance at a 2nd-grade reading level.  

The teacher will need to bind the last four pages of the American Symbols book that contains a completed timeline with paper clips.  Teachers will also need to search the internet for kid-friendly/high-interest timelines or timeline infographics for the students to observe.

  Procedures/Activities: 

TW= Teacher will

SW=Student will

Before 

  1. TW review Standard SS3: Use various primary sources, including calendars and timelines, for reconstructing the past.  Examples: historical letters, stories, interviews with elders, photographs, maps, or artifacts.  
  2. TW show sample kid-friendly/high-interest timelines from the internet.
  3. SW discuss things they notice about the sample timelines.  

During

  1. TW tell students that they will work together to create a timeline from a story about national symbols.
  2. TW read American Symbols: The Lincoln Memorial by Terri DeGezelle.
  3. TW and SW make a list of dates/events while reading American Symbols: The Lincoln Memorial by Terri DeGezelle.  
  4. After reading, TW and SW will make a shared timeline using dates/events from American Symbols: The Lincoln Memorial by Terri DeGezelle. 
  5. TW model measuring equal spaces and drawing out a timeline. For example: If there are five dates/events from the story, TW model that we would need five slots on the timeline. TW model using three inches for each spot on the timeline. TW/SW use repeated addition to figure out the total length of the timeline. TW model measuring the full timeline and then model measuring out each slot for the timeline at a spacing of three inches each.  
  6. SW assist teacher in placing dates/events on the timeline in order by date.
  7. TW tell students that they will create their own timeline based on other American Symbol books and present rubric to students: https://goo.gl/dn1uLS
  8. SW work in groups/pairs with other American Symbol books to create a list of dates/events. The last 4 pages of the book should be bound with paper clips to conceal a completed timeline. Suggested books include:
    • American Symbols: The Statue of Liberty by Marc Tyler Nobleman
    • American Symbols: The Pledge of Allegiance by Marc Tyler Nobleman
    • American Symbols: The Statue of Liberty by Marc Tyler Nobleman
    • American Symbols: The Star-Spangled Banner by Debbie L. Yanuck
    • American Symbols: The Liberty Bell by Debbie L. Yanuck
    • American Symbols: Ellis Island by Terri DeGezelle
    • American Symbols: The U.S. Capitol by Terri DeGezelle
    • American Symbols: The White House by Debbie L Yanuck
  9. SW work with a list of dates/events to create a timeline.  
  10. SW present timeline to the class.
  11. SW use the timeline in the back of each book to check their student-created timeline. 

After

  1. After all tasks have been completed,  SW complete an exit ticket. https://goo.gl/cUOSFd.
  2. TW/SW revisit the standard, reflect, and discuss what was discovered.

Possible follow-up activity

In a future period of time, student timelines could also be used to create a gallery walk. A gallery walk is an activity in which a teacher hangs student-created timelines and allows students to walk through the timelines without talking. During this time, students will write questions on sticky notes or some other type of document about the other timelines. Students could work to answer each other's questions during reading or math rotations.


  Assessment  

Assessment Strategies

Formative Assessment

TW informally assess students during group activities and whole class discussions. TW check student created timelines for understanding: finding dates/events, ordering dates on timeline, writing events with dates, and measuring equal distances between dates/events by using this rubric: https://goo.gl/hAhCAo

Acceleration:

Students that need to expand on their understanding can create a timeline featuring the famous Americans from the group according to their birthdates. They can create this digitally or on paper. This timeline can be shared with the group to deepen understanding of the past as it is related to the featured famous Americans.

Intervention:

If there are students that require additional help with understanding number order (years in timeline), they should be pulled into a small group to practice number order with the teacher prior to the group activity. If there are students that require additional help to read grade-level text, the teacher can read the book with the students or the teacher can pair students up with a peer helper.


View the Special Education resources for instructional guidance in providing modifications and adaptations for students with significant cognitive disabilities who qualify for the Alabama Alternate Assessment.
Alabama State Department of Education