Content Standard(s):
Science 12 ) Defend the claim that one factor determining the apparent brightness of
the sun compared to other stars is the relative distance from Earth.
Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Engaging in Argument from Evidence
Crosscutting Concepts: Scale, Proportion, and Quantity
Disciplinary Core Idea: Earth's Place in the Universe
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
Support a claim that the apparent brightness of the sun compared to other stars is due to the relative distance from the Earth. Teacher Vocabulary:
Defend
Claim
Factor
Evidence
Apparent Brightness
Relative Distance
Sun
Stars
Earth
Reasoning
Argumentation Knowledge:
Students know:
The sun and other stars are natural bodies in the sky that give off their own light.
The sun is a star that appears larger and brighter than other stars because it is closer.
Stars range greatly in their distance from Earth.
A luminous object close to a person appears much brighter and larger than a similar object that is very far away from a person (e.g., nearby streetlights appear bigger and brighter than distant streetlights). Skills:
Students are able to:
Identify a given claim to be supported about a given phenomenon. The claim includes the idea that the apparent brightness of the sun and stars is due to their relative distances from Earth.
Describe the evidence, data, and/or models that support the claim, including the following:
The sun and other stars are natural bodies in the sky that give off their own light.
The apparent brightness of a variety of stars, including the sun.
A luminous object close to a person appears much brighter and larger than a similar object that is very far away from a person (e.g., nearby streetlights appear bigger and brighter than distant streetlights).
The relative distance of the sun and stars from Earth (e.g., although the sun and other stars are all far from the Earth, the stars are very much farther away; the sun is much closer to Earth than other stars). Evaluate the evidence to determine whether it is relevant to supporting the claim, and sufficient to describe the relationship between apparent size and apparent brightness of the sun and other stars and their relative distances from Earth.
Use reasoning to connect the relevant and appropriate evidence to the claim with argumentation. Describe a chain of reasoning that includes the following:
Because stars are defined as natural bodies that give off their own light, the sun is a star.
The sun is many times larger than Earth but appears small because it is very far away.
Even though the sun is very far from Earth, it is much closer than other stars. Understanding:
Students understand that:
Natural objects, like the sun and stars, exist from the very small to the immensely large. AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
English Language Arts R3. Use digital and electronic tools appropriately, safely, and ethically when researching and writing, both individually and collaboratively.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
R3.
Digital tools
Electronic tools
Appropriately
Safely
Ethically
Research
Individually
Collaboratively Knowledge:
R3. Students know:
Digital and electronic tools must be used appropriately, safely, and ethically.
Digital and electronic tools can be used for research or for writing tasks.
Digital and electronic tools can be independently or with others. Skills:
R3. Students are able to:
Engage in safe and ethical behavior when using digital and electronic tools individually and collaboratively. Understanding:
R3. Students understand that:
Safe behaviors, interactions that keep you out of harm's way, are necessary when using digital and electronic tools.
Ethical behavior, interactions that align to one's moral code, are necessary when using digital and electronic tools.
English Language Arts 37. Write about research findings independently over short and/or extended periods of time.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
37.
Research findings
Independently
Short periods of time
Extended periods of time Knowledge:
37. Students know:
Researching a topic begins by finding information from multiple sources.
Independent writing skills. Skills:
37. Students are able to:
Find information on a particular topic from a variety of research sources.
Independently write about research findings over short and extended periods of time. Understanding:
37. Students understand that:
They can share information they have learned about a topic through writing. Some writing projects will last a short time, while others may take longer to complete.
English Language Arts 38. Gather information on a topic or question, and share the results through various modes of writing, including projects and presentations.
a. Locate information in print and digital sources.
b. Summarize, quote, and paraphrase information in notes and finished work, providing a list of sources.
c. Integrate information from several texts on the same topic into presentations of research.
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
38.
Topic
Question
Results
Modes of writing
Projects
Presentations
38a.
38b.
Summarize
Quote
Paraphrase
Notes
Finished work
List of sources
38c.
Integrate
Topic
Presentations of research Knowledge:
38. Students know:
Effective research skills.
Transferable writing skills applicable to many modes of writing.
38a.
Information can be found in both digital and print sources.
38b.
Summarizing is putting the main idea(s) of the source into their own words.
Quoting is using direct evidence from the source material.
Paraphrasing is condensing the original source by broadly explaining the content.
Summarizing, quoting, and paraphrasing are important note taking skills, but they can also be used in formal writing pieces.
Credit must be attributed to the original creator of the work by including a list of sources.
38c.
Research presentations should include information that is incorporated from several sources. Skills:
38. Students are able to:
Research information from a variety of sources to explain a topic or answer a question.
Share information learned through research in various modes of writing, including projects and presentations.
38a.
Locate information in print and digital sources.
38b.
Summarize, quote, and paraphrase information in written notes and finished work.
Include a list of sources with written summaries and paraphrases.
38c.
Combine information from several texts on the same topic into one piece of work. Understanding:
38. Students understand that:
They can share their research findings through multiple modes of writing, including presentations and projects.
38a.
An effective writer uses multiple sources of information, including print and digital sources.
38b.
Including a list of sources with their writing ensures they are giving the original creator credit for their work.
38c.
Effective research presentations include multiple sources of information that are integrated in one coherent project.
Primary Learning Objective(s):
Students will create a poster, picture book, or digital presentation to defend the claim that the reason the sun appears brighter than other stars is its proximity to Earth.
