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Total Duration:
31 to 60 Minutes
Materials and Resources:
“Booker T. and W. E. B.” poem by Dudley Randall - one per group (attachments)
Compare/Contrast graphic organizer - one per student (The students may draw this graphic organizer on their own paper.)
Smith-Hughes & Howard University Photos - one per group (attachments)
The students should be familiar with the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the United States Constitution.
Before:
Engagement/Motivation Activity: The teacher will ask students to imagine laws such as the following:
All blacks shall be required to own real property in order to qualify to vote. (New York)
Black children shall be prohibited from attending Pittsburgh schools.
No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which Negro men are placed. (Alabama)
It shall be unlawful for a Negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards. (Alabama)
No colored barber shall serve as a barber [to] white women or girls. (Georgia)
The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons. (Georgia)
After students react to these laws, the teacher will explain that laws such as these existed in the United States and became known as “Jim Crow” laws.
During:
Step 1 Show slides 1-7 on “Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Two Paths to Ending Jim Crow” PowerPoint.
Step 2 Ask students the following questions:
“What is the purpose of a trade school education?”
“What is the purpose of a traditional four-year college education?”
“Is either type of post-high school education more valid than the other?” Allow time for student discussion.
Step 3 Divide the class into four groups. Pass out a picture (Smith-Hughes & Howard University Photos under attachments) to each group along with the Photo Analysis Worksheet (under attachments) from the National Archives. Give the groups time to analyze the pictures by answering the questions on the worksheet. After the groups have analyzed the photographs, allow a spokesman from each group to share answers to the questions while the teacher shows the appropriate picture on the PowerPoint (slides 8-11).
Step 4 Show the remaining PowerPoint slides about W. E. B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington. During the PowerPoint, students will use the Compare/Contrast Matrix to draw their own conclusions about the viewpoints of Washington and Du Bois. After the PowerPoint, allow students to share their conclusions.
After:
Step 5 Pass out the poem, “Booker T. and W. E. B.” to students. Allow individuals time to silently read the poem. Ask for volunteers to read the poem out loud to the class. Then ask the students, “How does the poem illustrate the differences between Washington and Du Bois?”
Step 6 Remind students of the information given on the PowerPoint concerning the backgrounds of Washington and Du Bois. Ask the students, “How did the backgrounds of each influence their points of view?” Students will Think-Pair- Share. Teacher will call on partners to share their thoughts with the class.
Assessment Strategies
Grade the Compare/Contrast Matrix for accuracy. Consider both men's views on civil rights, political power, and education for African Americans.
Acceleration:
Students can research other notable persons of the civil rights movement such as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X and compare & contrast their views to Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois.
View the Special Education resources for
instructional guidance in providing modifications and adaptations
for students with significant cognitive disabilities who qualify for the Alabama Alternate Assessment.