English Language Arts 32. Apply knowledge of grade-appropriate phoneme-grapheme correspondences, multisyllabic word construction, syllable division rules, and spelling rules (or generalizations) to encode words accurately.
a. Apply knowledge of multisyllabic word construction and syllable division principles to encode multisyllabic words.
Examples: VC/CV, V/CV, VC/V, CV/VC; com-mit-ment, e-vent, ev-er-y, po-et
b. Encode multisyllabic words, using common syllable patterns: open/closed, vowel-r, vowel-consonant-e, vowel teams, consonant-le, and odd or schwa syllables.
c. Encode words with two and three letter blends and previously taught digraphs, trigraphs, combinations, diphthongs, quadrigraph eigh, vowel y, hard and soft c and g, silent letter combinations, and contractions.
d. Encode words with less common prefixes, suffixes, and common Latin roots.
Examples: prefixes: fore-, pro-, intra-, inter-, trans-, non-, over-, sub-, super-, semi-, anti-, mid-, ex-, post-
e. Encode frequently confused homophones accurately, using context to determine correct spelling.
Examples: hear/here; night/knight; tacks/tax
Unpacked Content
Teacher Vocabulary:
32.
Knowledge
Grade-appropriate phoneme-grapheme correspondences
Multisyllabic word construction
Syllable division rules
Spelling rules
Generalizations
Encode
Accurately
32a.
Apply
Knowledge
Multisyllabic word construction
Syllable division principles
Encode
Multisyllabic words
32b.
Encode
Multisyllabic words
Common syllable patterns
Open syllable
Closed syllable
vowel-r syllable
Vowel-consonant-e syllable
Vowel team syllable
Consonant-le syllable
Odd syllable
Schwa syllable
32c.
Encode
Two letter blends
Three letter blends
Digraphs
Trigraphs
Combinations
Diphthongs
Quadrigraph eigh
Hard and soft c
Hard and soft g
Silent letter combinations
Contractions
32d.
Encode
Prefixes
Suffixes
Common Latin roots
32e.
Encode
Frequently confused homophones
Context Knowledge:
32. Students know:
Grade-appropriate phoneme-grapheme correspondences.
Multisyllabic words are words that are composed of two or more syllables.
Syllable division principles.
Spelling rules (or generalizations).
To encode accurately means to spell a word correctly.
32a.
Multisyllabic words can be constructed by combining syllables.
Syllable division principles help divide words into parts with one vowel sound based on predictable patterns.
32b.
Accurate encoding of multisyllabic words requires knowledge of common syllable types.
Syllable patterns are principles that help divide words into parts with one vowel sound that can be easily spelled.
32c.
Two letter blends are a combination of two consonants in which each represents a phoneme sound.
Three letter blends are a combination of three consonants in which each represents a phoneme sound.
Digraphs are two letter combination that represents a single phoneme sound in which neither letter represents its usual sound.
Trigraphs are three letter combinations that represents a single phoneme sound.
Combinations are two letters that frequently appear together and have an associated phoneme.
Diphthongs are two vowels that represent a single vowel phonemes that glide in the middle.
Quadrigraph eigh is a combination of four letters that represents a single phoneme sound.
The letter y can represent three different vowel sounds depending on the number of syllables in the words and its position in a word.
The spelling generalizations associated with hard and soft c and g .
Silent letter combinations are letter combinations in which one or more letters is silent (does not represent a phoneme), but another letter does represent the phoneme.
Contractions are words that are combined, or shortened, and an apostrophe represents the omitted letters.
32d.
Prefixes are word parts that can be added to the beginning of a word to change the meaning of the word.
Suffixes are word parts that can be added at the end of the word to change the meaning of the word.
The root word is the base word in which a prefix or suffix can be added, and many English words contain Latin root words.
32e.
Homophones have the same pronunciation, but different meanings, origins, and/or spellings.
Context clues must be used to determine the correct spelling of a homophone. Skills:
32. Students are able to:
Accurately encode (spell) single syllable and multisyllabic words using their knowledge of phoneme-grapheme correspondences, multisyllabic word construction, syllable division principles, and spelling generalization.
Accurately divide words into syllables to spell multisyllabic words correctly.
32a.
Encode multisyllabic words using knowledge of multisyllabic word construction and syllable division principles; for example, VC/CV, com-mit,ment; V/CV, e-vent; VC/V, ev-er-y; CV/VC, po-et.
32b.
Encode words with more than one syllable using their knowledge of common syllable types: open, closed, vowel-r , vowel-consonant-e , vowel teams, consonant-le , odd, and schwa.
32c.
Accurately encode words with previously taught letter patterns, such as two letter blends, three letter blends, digraphs, trigraphs, combinations, diphthongs, quadrigraph eigh , vowel y , hard and soft c and g , silent letter combinations, and contractions.
32d.
Encode words with less common prefixes, such as fore-, pro-, intra-, inter-, trans-, non-, over-, sub-, super-, semi-, anti-, mid-, ex-, post- .
Encode words with less common suffixes, such as -y, -ly, -ful, -ment, -hood, -less, -ness, -er, -or, -en .
Encode words with common Latin roots, such as port, form, ject, spect, dict, tend, fer .
32e.
Accurately encode homophones using context clues to determine the correct spelling; for example, hear/here, night/knight, tacks/tax . Understanding:
32. Students understand that:
To spell (encode), they must accurately represent the letter symbols (graphemes) that correspond to the spoken sounds (phonemes).
They can use syllable division principles to break a word apart to make it easier to spell.
They can use their knowledge of the six syllable types to accurately encode words.
There are spelling rules, or generalizations, in the English language that can help them spell words accurately.
32a.
Multisyllabic words are composed of more than one syllable.
They can write and spell words that are multisyllabic by dividing the word into syllables and spelling each syllable, then combining the individual syllables to construct complete word.
32b.
They can encode (spell/write) multisyllabic words by dividing the words into syllables and applying their knowledge of syllable patterns.
32c.
Knowing the sound-symbol correspondences of common letter patterns will help them encode (spell/write) words accurately.
32d.
Their knowledge of the different word parts (prefixes, suffixes, and roots) can help them read and spell most multisyllabic words if they divide them apart into smaller units.
Knowing less common prefixes and suffixes and common Latin roots strengthens their spelling skills.
32e.
Homophones are words that can be confused so it is important to pay attention to the word's meaning in context (whether in written text or oral conversation) to determine the correct spelling of the homophone.
