ALEX Classroom Resource

Students:

• Find efficient ways to determine surface area of right prisms and right pyramids by analyzing the structure of the shapes and their nets.
• Use the formulas for volume of prisms and pyramids to solve multi-step real-world problems.
• Use the formula for volume to find missing measurements of a prism.

Students know:

• that volume of any right prism is the product of the height and area of the base.
• The volume relationship between pyramids and prisms with the same base and height.
• The surface area of prisms and pyramids can be found using the areas of triangular and rectangular faces.

Students are able to:

• find the area and perimeter of two-dimensional objects composed of triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons.
• Use a net of a three-dimensional figure to determine the surface area.
• Find the volume and surface area of pyramids, prisms, or three-dimensional objects composed of cubes, pyramids, and right prisms.

Students understand that:

• two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures can be decomposed into smaller shapes to find the area, surface area, and volume of those figures.
• the area of the base of a prism multiplied by the height of the prism gives the volume of the prism.
• the volume of a pyramid is 1/3 the volume of a prism with the same base.

Learning Objectives:
M.7.22.1: Define volume, surface area, triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, cubes, and right prisms.
M.7.22.2: Discuss strategies for solving real-world mathematical problems.
M.7.22.3: Recall formulas for calculating volume and surface area.
M.7.22.4: Identify the attributes of triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, cubes, and right prisms.

Students:

• Find efficient ways to determine surface area of right prisms and right pyramids by analyzing the structure of the shapes and their nets.
• Use the formulas for volume of prisms and pyramids to solve multi-step real-world problems.
• Use the formula for volume to find missing measurements of a prism.

Students know:

• That volume of any right prism is the product of the height and area of the base.
• The volume relationship between pyramids and prisms with the same base and height.
• The surface area of prisms and pyramids can be found using the areas of triangular and rectangular faces.

Students are able to:

• Find the area and perimeter of two-dimensional objects composed of triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons.
• Use a net of a three-dimensional figure to determine the surface area.
• Find the volume and surface area of pyramids, prisms, or three-dimensional objects composed of cubes, pyramids, and right prisms.

Students understand that:

• Two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures can be decomposed into smaller shapes to find the area, surface area, and volume of those figures.
• The area of the base of a prism multiplied by the height of the prism gives the volume of the prism.
• The volume of a pyramid is 1/3 the volume of a prism with the same base.

Students:

• Understand that the application of volume formulas and the relationship between these three formulas can be used in combinations when determining solutions involving real-world cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Students know:

• the volume formulas for cylinders, cones, and spheres.
• That 3.14 is an approximation of pi commonly used in these volume formulas.
• That composite three dimensional objects in the real-world can be created by combining cylinders, cones, and spheres in part or whole.

Students are able to:

• calculate the volume of cones, cylinders, and spheres given in real-world contexts. often times approximating solutions to a specified decimal place.
• Identify the components of a composite figure as being portions of or whole cylinders, cones, and spheres.
• Combine the results of calculations to find volume for real-world composite figures.

Students understand that:

• the application of volume formulas and the relationship between these three formulas can be used in combinations when determining solutions involving real-world cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Students:

• Understand that the application of volume formulas and the relationship between these three formulas can be used in combinations when determining solutions involving real-world cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Students know:

• The volume formulas for cylinders, cones, and spheres.
• That 3.14 is an approximation of pi commonly used in these volume formulas.
• That composite three dimensional objects in the real-world can be created by combining cylinders, cones, and spheres in part or whole.

Students are able to:

• Calculate the volume of cones, cylinders, and spheres given in real-world contexts. often times approximating solutions to a specified decimal place.
• Identify the components of a composite figure as being portions of or whole cylinders, cones, and spheres.
• Combine the results of calculations to find volume for real-world composite figures.

Students understand that:

• the application of volume formulas and the relationship between these three formulas can be used in combinations when determining solutions involving real-world cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Learning Objectives:
M.8.30.1: Define formula, volume, cone, cylinders, spheres, and height.
M.8.30.2: Discuss the measure of volume and give examples.
M.8.30.3: Solve problems with exponents, with or without a calculator.
M.8.30.4: Recall how to find circumference of a circle, with or without a calculator.
M.8.30.5: Identify parts of a circle.
M.8.30.6: Calculate the volume of three-dimensional figures.
M.8.30.7: Solve real-world problems using the volume formulas for three-dimensional figures, with or without a calculator.

Students:

(17a) Given a sphere,

• Explain how surface area is the total area for the surface of a sphere, and that if we could "unroll" the sphere and show it as a rectangle, the rectangle would have a width that is equivalent to the diameter of the sphere. Its length would be the same as the circumference of the sphere.
• Explain how we could find the volume of spheres by using pyramids., understanding the radius of the sphere would be the height of the pyramid.

• Given a cylinder, explain how a cylinder could be divided into an infinite number of circles, and the area of those circles multiplied by the height is the volume of the cylinder, and use Cavalieri's Principle to demonstrate that if two solids have the same height and the same cross-sectional area at every level, then they have the same volume.
• Given a pyramid or cone, explain that the shapes could be divided into cross-sections, and the area of the cross-sections is decreasing as the cross-sections become further away from the base, and the area of an infinite number of cross-sections is the volume of a pyramid or cone.
• (17b) Given a formula, explain how to solve for the missing linear dimension using opposite operations.

• Dissection arguments

Principle

Cylinder

Pyramid

Cone

Ratio

Circumference

Parallelogram

Limits

Conjecture

Cross-section

Surface Area

Students know:

• Techniques to find the area and perimeter of parallelograms, Techniques to find the area of circles or polygons

Students are able to:

• Accurately decompose circles, spheres, cylinders, pyramids, and cones into other geometric shapes.
• Explain and justify how the formulas for surface area, and volume of a sphere, cylinder, pyramid, and cone may be created from the use of other geometric shapes.

Students understand that:

• Geometric shapes may be decomposed into other shapes which may be useful in creating formulas.
• Geometric shapes may be divided into an infinite number of smaller geometric shapes, and the combination of those shapes maintain the area and volume of the original shape.

Learning Objectives:
GEO.17.1: Define Cavalieri's principle, circumference of a circle, area of a circle, volume of a cylinder, pyramid, and cone; oblique, radius, diameter, height, and base.
GEO.17.2: Compare surface areas of similar figures and volumes of similar figures to determine a relationship using dissection arguments, Cavalieri's principle, and informal limit arguments.
GEO.17.3: Compare the characteristics and volume of oblique and right solids.
GEO.17.4: Describe the properties of a given object (cylinder, pyramid, prism, and cone).
GEO.17.5: Identify the necessary characteristics of a given solid to solve for its volume and surface area(cylinder, pyramid, prism, and cone).
GEO.17.6: Calculate the surface area of three-dimensional figures (cylinder, pyramid, prism, and cone).
GEO.17.7: Calculate the volume of a cylinder, pyramid, prism, and cone.
GEO.17.8: Calculate the area of a circle.
GEO.17.9: Calculate the circumference of a circle.
GEO.17.10: Calculate the area of the base shape.
GEO.17.11: Identify the relationship of geometric representations to real-life objects.
GEO.17.12: Identify the base shape.