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Matter and Its Interactions
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1 ) Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties and trends (e.g., reactivity of metals; types of bonds formed, including ionic, covalent, and polar covalent; numbers of bonds formed; reactions with oxygen) of main group elements based on the patterns of valence electrons in atoms. NAEP Framework
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2 ) Plan and carry out investigations (e.g., squeezing a balloon, placing a balloon on ice) to identify the relationships that exist among the pressure, volume, density, and temperature of a confined gas
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3 ) Analyze and interpret data from a simple chemical reaction or combustion reaction involving main group elements. |
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4 ) Analyze and interpret data using acid-base indicators (e.g., color-changing
markers, pH paper) to distinguish between acids and bases, including comparisons
between strong and weak acids and bases. NAEP Framework
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5 ) Use mathematical representations to support and verify the claim that
atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a simple chemical reaction. |
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6 ) Develop models to illustrate the concept of half-life for radioactive
decay. a. Research and communicate information about types of naturally occurring
radiation and their properties. b. Develop arguments for and against nuclear power generation compared to
other types of power generation. NAEP Framework
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Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
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7 ) Analyze and interpret data for one- and two-dimensional motion applying
basic concepts of distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration
(e.g., velocity versus time graphs, displacement versus time graphs,
acceleration versus time graphs). NAEP Framework
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8 ) Apply Newton's laws to predict the resulting motion of a system by constructing force diagrams that identify the external forces acting on the system, including friction (e.g., a book on a table, an object being pushed across a floor, an accelerating car). |
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9 ) Use mathematical equations (e.g., (m1v1 +
m2v2) before = (m1v1 +
m2v2) after)
and diagrams to explain that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net external force on the system. a. Use the laws of conservation of mechanical energy and momentum to
predict the result of one-dimensional elastic collisions. NAEP Framework
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10 ) Construct simple series and parallel circuits containing resistors and batteries and apply Ohm's law to solve typical problems demonstrating the effect of changing values of resistors and voltages. |
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Energy
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11 ) Design and conduct investigations to verify the law of conservation of
energy, including transformations of potential energy, kinetic energy, thermal
energy, and the effect of any work performed on or by the system. NAEP Framework
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12 ) Design, build, and test the ability of a device (e.g., Rube Goldberg
devices, wind turbines, solar cells, solar ovens) to convert one form of energy
into another form of energy.* |
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Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
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13 ) Use mathematical representations to demonstrate the relationships among
wavelength, frequency, and speed of waves (e.g., the relation v = λ f)
traveling in various media (e.g., electromagnetic radiation traveling in a
vacuum and glass, sound waves traveling through air and water, seismic waves
traveling through Earth). NAEP Framework
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14 ) Propose and defend a hypothesis based on information gathered from
published materials (e.g., trade books, magazines, Internet resources, videos) for and against various claims for the safety of electromagnetic radiation. NAEP Framework
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15 ) Obtain and communicate information from published materials to explain how transmitting and receiving devices (e.g., cellular telephones, medical-imaging technology, solar cells, wireless Internet, scanners, Sound Navigation and Ranging [SONAR]) use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. |
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