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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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1 ) Apply sensory and objective methods to the evaluation of chemical and physical changes in food.
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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2 ) Compare the interrelationships among food science, nutrition, and other sciences.
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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3 ) Differentiate among pure substances, mixtures, elements, and compounds.
• Distinguishing between intensive and extensive properties of matter
• Contrasting properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
• Distinguishing between homogeneous and heterogeneous forms of matter
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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4 ) Describe the structure of carbon chains, branched chains, and rings.
• Describing the impact of unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions for sugar crystallization
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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5 ) Use the periodic table to identify periodic trends, including atomic radii, ionization energy, electronegativity, and energy levels.
• Utilizing electron configurations Lewis dot structures, and orbital notations to write chemical formulas
• Calculating the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an isotope
• Utilizing benchmark discoveries to describe the historical development of atomic structure, including proelectric effect, absorption, and emission spectra of elements
Examples: Thomson's cathode ray, Rutherfod's gold foil, Millikan's oil drop, and Bohr's bright line spectra experiments
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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6 ) Describe solubility in terms of energy changes associated with the solution process.
• Using solubility curves to interpret saturation levels
• Explaining the conductivity of electrolytic solutions
• Describing acids and bases in terms of strength, concentration, pH, and neutralization reactions
Example: pH in food preparation
• Describing factors that affect the rate of solution
• Solving problems involving molarity, including solution preparation and dilution
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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7 ) Use the kinetic theory to explain states of matter, phase changes, solubility, and chemical reactions.
Example: Describing how water at 25 degrees Celsius remains in the liquid state because of the strong attraction between water molecules while kinetic energy allows the sliding of molecules past one another
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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| Learning Activities: |
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8 ) Solve stoichiometric problems involving relationships among the number of particles, moles, and masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
• Predicting ionic and covalent bond types and products given known reactants
• Assigning oxidation numbers for individual atoms of monatomic and polyatomic ions
• Identifying the nomenclature of ionic compounds, binary compounds, and acids
• Classifying chemical reactions as composition, decomposition, single replacement, or double replacement
• Determining the empirical or molecular formula for a compound using percent composition data
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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9 ) Explain the behavior of ideal gases in terms of pressure, volume, temperature, and number of particles using Charles's law, Boyle's law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, and the ideal gas law.
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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10 ) Distinguish among endothermic and exothermic physical and chemical changes.
Examples: endothermic physical—phase change from ice to water
- endothermic chemical—reaction between citric acid solution and baking soda
- exothermic physical—phase change from water vapor to water
- exothermic chemical—formation of water from combustion of hydrogen and oxygen
• Describing the impact of water in cooking vegetables
• Calculating temperature change by using specific heat
Example: explaining heat conduction and convection, radiation, and induction in the preparation of a variety of food products
• Using Le Châtelier's principle to explain changes in physical and chemical equilibrium
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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11 ) Distinguish between chemical and nuclear reactions.
• Identifying atomic and subatomic particles, including mesons, quarks, tachyons, and baryons
• Calculating the half-life of selective radioactive isotopes
• Identifying types of radiation and their properties
• Contrasting fission and fusion
• Describing carbon-14 decay as a dating method
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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12 ) Describe the positive and negative impacts of microorganisms in food.
Examples: positive—yogurt, sauerkraut, bleu cheese, cheddar cheese, mayonnaise
- negative—food spoilage, food contamination, food-borne illnesses
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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13 ) Describe the chemical makeup of the major food nutrients.
Examples: carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitamins, minerals and water
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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14 ) Compare safe food-handling practices used in the food industry.
• Describing the government's role in food safety
• Analyzing the correct care and safe use of instruments, equipment, and chemicals
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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15 ) Evaluate various food preservation techniques.
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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16 ) Evaluate the impact of using food additives in products.
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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17 ) Describe the major nutrients, including functions and sources of each.
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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18 ) Assess the impact of technology on the food industry.
Examples: supercritical carbon dioxide technology
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| Human Services (2009) |
| Grade(s): 9 - 12 |
| Chemistry of Food |
| All Resources: |
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19 ) Analyze career options and entrepreneurial opportunities in food science and technology.
Examples: food scientists, food technicians, microbiologists
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