Courses of Study : Science (Grade 2)

Matter and Its Interactions
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 16
Lesson Plans: 3
Classroom Resources: 13
1 ) Conduct an investigation to describe and classify various substances according to physical properties (e.g., milk being a liquid, not clear in color, assuming shape of its container, mixing with water; mineral oil being a liquid, clear in color, taking shape of its container, floating in water; a brick being a solid, not clear in color, rough in texture, not taking the shape of its container, sinking in water).

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Planning and Carrying out Investigations
Crosscutting Concepts: Patterns
Disciplinary Core Idea: Matter and Its Interactions
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Conduct an investigation to produce data that is used as evidence to describe and classify various substances according to physical properties.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Physical Properties
  • Investigate
  • Classify
  • Opaque
  • Transparent
  • Translucent
  • Rough
  • Smooth
  • Float
  • Sink
  • Shape
  • Various
  • Substances
  • Conduct
  • Describe
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Different kinds of matter exists.
  • Properties of both solids (opaque, transparent, translucent, rough, smooth, float, sink, has its own shape) and liquids (color, assumes shape of container, opaque, transparent, translucent).
  • Many types of matter can be either solid or liquid, depending on temperature.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Plan and conduct an investigation to produce data that is used to describe and classify substances according to physical properties.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Observable patterns in the properties of materials provide evidence to classify the different kinds of materials.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Matter
Solids and Liquids, FOSS
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.6: Some Earth materials have properties either in their present form or after design and modification that make them useful in solving human problems and enhancing the quality of life, as in the case of materials used for building or fuels used for heating and transportation.

NAEP Statement::
P4.1: Objects and substances have properties. Weight (mass) and volume are properties that can be measured using appropriate tools.*

NAEP Statement::
P4.3: Matter exists in several different states; the most common states are solid, liquid, and gas. Each state of matter has unique properties. For instance, gases are easily compressed while solids and liquids are not. The shape of a solid is independent of its container; liquids and gases take the shape of their containers.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.1- Participate in investigations to describe and sort various substances according to physical properties.
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 11
Lesson Plans: 3
Classroom Resources: 8
2 ) Collect and evaluate data to determine appropriate uses of materials based on their properties (e.g., strength, flexibility, hardness, texture, absorbency).*

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Analyzing and Interpreting Data
Crosscutting Concepts: Cause and Effect
Disciplinary Core Idea: Matter and Its Interactions
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Collect data about the properties of materials and evaluate the appropriate uses of materials based on those properties.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Evaluate
  • Data
  • Graphs
  • Properties
  • Purpose
  • Strength
  • Flexibility
  • Hardness
  • Texture
  • Absorbency
  • Collect
  • Appropriate
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Properties of materials (e.g., strength, flexibility, hardness, texture, absorbency) Different uses for the materials.
  • The relationship between properties of materials and some potential uses (metal is strong, paper is absorbent, etc.).
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Conduct simple tests to collect and display data about the physical properties of various materials.
  • Analyze data to identify and describe relationships between properties and their potential uses.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Simple tests can be designed to gather evidence about the relationship between properties of materials and their intended uses.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Matter
Solids and Liquids, FOSS
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.6: Some Earth materials have properties either in their present form or after design and modification that make them useful in solving human problems and enhancing the quality of life, as in the case of materials used for building or fuels used for heating and transportation.

NAEP Statement::
P4.1: Objects and substances have properties. Weight (mass) and volume are properties that can be measured using appropriate tools.*

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.2- Identify common materials and appropriate uses based on their physical properties (e.g., rubber bands stretch, sidewalks are hard, paper tears).
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 4
Learning Activities: 1
Classroom Resources: 3
3 ) Demonstrate and explain how structures made from small pieces (e.g., linking cubes, blocks, building bricks, creative construction toys) can be disassembled and then rearranged to make new and different structures.

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
Crosscutting Concepts: Energy and Matter
Disciplinary Core Idea: Matter and Its Interactions
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Demonstrate the disassembling of a structure into small pieces.
  • Demonstrate the rearranging of the same small pieces into a new and different structure.
  • Explain orally or in writing how the structure was disassembled and reassembled into a new and different structure.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Demonstrate
  • Explain
  • Structure
  • Pieces
  • Disassemble
  • Rearrange
  • Different
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Different properties are suited for different purposes.
  • A great variety of objects can be built up from a small set of pieces.
  • Structures can be disassembled and rearranged into new and different structures.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Disassemble a structure into small pieces.
  • Assemble a new structure using the same small pieces.
  • Provide a written and/or oral explanation that correlates with a demonstration detailing the characteristics of the new object or objects.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Structures may be broken into smaller pieces and a new structure, that is different in size or shape, can be formed from the same pieces.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Matter
Solids and Liquids, FOSS
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.6: Some Earth materials have properties either in their present form or after design and modification that make them useful in solving human problems and enhancing the quality of life, as in the case of materials used for building or fuels used for heating and transportation.

NAEP Statement::
P4.4: Some objects are composed of a single substance; others are composed of more than one substance.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.3 Participate in building then disassembling structures to make new structures.
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 12
Lesson Plans: 2
Classroom Resources: 10
4 ) Provide evidence that some changes in matter caused by heating or cooling can be reversed (e.g., heating or freezing of water) and some changes are irreversible (e.g., baking a cake, boiling an egg).

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Engaging in Argument from Evidence
Crosscutting Concepts: Cause and Effect
Disciplinary Core Idea: Matter and Its Interactions
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Construct an argument with evidence to support a claim that some changes in matter caused by heating and cooling can be reversed and some cannot.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Properties
  • Evidence
  • Change
  • Matter
  • Heating
  • Cooling
  • Reversible
  • Irreversible
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Characteristics of materials before heating or cooling.
  • Characteristics of materials after heating and cooling.
  • Characteristics of materials when heating or cooling is reversed.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Analyze evidence to support a claim that heating and cooling causes change in matter.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Heating or cooling a substance may cause changes that can be observed. Sometimes these changes are reversible and sometimes they are not.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Matter
Solids and Liquids, FOSS
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
P4.6: One way to change matter from one state to another and back again is by heating and cooling.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.4- Predict changes to matter, reversible and irreversible, that may occur when matter is heated or cooled (e.g., heating or freezing water, boiling an egg, baking a cake).
Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 9
Lesson Plans: 2
Classroom Resources: 7
5 ) Plan and carry out an investigation, using one variable at a time (e.g., water, light, soil, air), to determine the growth needs of plants.

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Planning and Carrying out Investigations
Crosscutting Concepts: Cause and Effect
Disciplinary Core Idea: Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Plan and carry out an investigation of the growth needs of plants to collect data on the effects of providing/withholding enough water, light, nutrients, and air.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Investigation
  • Variable
  • Water
  • Light
  • Soil
  • Air
  • Nutrients
  • Causes
  • Effects
  • Isolate
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Basic growth needs of plants include water, nutrients, light, and air.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Conduct an investigation to produce data used as evidence.
  • Determine the growth needs of plants.
  • Collaboratively develop an investigation plan that describes key features of the investigation and isolates variables as needed.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • There are observable patterns present in the growth of plants that can be used to determine the needs of plants.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Plants and Bugs
Plant Growth and Development, STC
The Best of Bugs: Designing Hand Pollinators, EiE
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.5: Natural materials have different properties that sustain plant and animal life.

NAEP Statement::
E4.7: The Sun warms the land, air, and water and helps plants grow.

NAEP Statement::
L4.1: Organisms need food, water, and air; a way to dispose of waste; and an environment in which they can live.*

NAEP Statement::
L4.2: Organisms have basic needs. Animals require air, water, and a source of energy and building material for growth and repair. Plants also require light.

NAEP Statement::
L4.3: Organisms interact and are interdependent in various ways, including providing food and shelter to one another. Organisms can survive only in environments in which their needs are met. Some interactions are beneficial; others are detrimental to the organism and other organisms.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.5- Participate in investigations of the growth needs of plants (e.g., water, light, soil, air) over a period of time.
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 7
Learning Activities: 1
Lesson Plans: 1
Classroom Resources: 5
6 ) Design and construct models to simulate how animals disperse seeds or pollinate plants (e.g., animals brushing fur against seed pods and seeds falling off in other areas, birds and bees extracting nectar from flowers and transferring pollen from one plant to another).*

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Developing and Using Models
Crosscutting Concepts: Structure and Function
Disciplinary Core Idea: Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Develop a simple model that simulates the function of an animal in seed dispersal or pollination of plants.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Model
  • Design
  • Construct
  • Explain
  • Simulate
  • Disperse
  • Pollen
  • Pollinate
  • Mimic
  • Structure
  • Function
  • Transfer
  • Extract
  • Ask
  • Imagine
  • Plan
  • Create
  • Improve
  • Engineering Design Process
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • The structure of a plant.
  • The relevant structures of the animal.
  • The process of plant pollination.
  • The relationship between components of their model that allow for movement of pollen or seeds.
  • Relationships between the parts of the model they are developing and the parts of the animal they are simulating.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Develop and use a simple model to simulate how animals disperse seeds.
  • Develop and use a simple model to simulate how animals pollinate plants.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • The shape and structure of plants and animals are designed to interact with their environment and function to disperse seeds or pollinate plants.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Plants and Bugs
Plant Growth and Development, STC
The Best of Bugs: Designing Hand Pollinators, EiE
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
L4.3: Organisms interact and are interdependent in various ways, including providing food and shelter to one another. Organisms can survive only in environments in which their needs are met. Some interactions are beneficial; others are detrimental to the organism and other organisms.

NAEP Statement::
L4.7: Different kinds of organisms have characteristics that enable them to survive in different environments. Individuals of the same kind differ in their characteristics, and sometimes the differences give individuals an advantage in surviving and reproducing.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.6- Recognize that most plants produce seeds and the seeds can be transferred by animals to cause new plants to be planted in other areas.
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 30
Learning Activities: 4
Lesson Plans: 5
Classroom Resources: 20
Unit Plans: 1
7 ) Obtain information from literature and other media to illustrate that there are many different kinds of living things and that they exist in different places on land and in water (e.g., woodland, tundra, desert, rainforest, ocean, river).

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information
Crosscutting Concepts: Patterns
Disciplinary Core Idea: Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Illustrate the diversity of living things in different habitats, including both land and water.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Literature
  • Media
  • Diversity
  • Habitats
  • Woodland
  • Tundra
  • Desert
  • Rainforest
  • Ocean
  • River
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Plants and animals are diverse within different habitats.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Obtain information from literature and other media.
  • Illustrate the different kinds of living things and the different habitats in which they can be found.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • There are many different kinds of living things in any area, and they exist in different places on land and in water.
AMSTI Resources:
Be sure students are aware of credible media resources when obtaining information.
AMSTI Module:
Plants and Bugs
Plant Growth and Development, STC
The Best of Bugs: Designing Hand Pollinators, EiE
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
L4.1: Organisms need food, water, and air; a way to dispose of waste; and an environment in which they can live.*

NAEP Statement::
L4.2: Organisms have basic needs. Animals require air, water, and a source of energy and building material for growth and repair. Plants also require light.

NAEP Statement::
L4.3: Organisms interact and are interdependent in various ways, including providing food and shelter to one another. Organisms can survive only in environments in which their needs are met. Some interactions are beneficial; others are detrimental to the organism and other organisms.

NAEP Statement::
L4.4: When the environment changes, some plants and animals survive and reproduce; others die or move to new locations.

NAEP Statement::
L4.7: Different kinds of organisms have characteristics that enable them to survive in different environments. Individuals of the same kind differ in their characteristics, and sometimes the differences give individuals an advantage in surviving and reproducing.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.7- Participate in activities that show many different living things in different environments.
Earth's Systems
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 17
Learning Activities: 2
Lesson Plans: 1
Classroom Resources: 14
8 ) Make observations from media to obtain information about Earth's events that happen over a short period of time (e.g., tornados, volcanic explosions, earthquakes) or over a time period longer than one can observe (e.g., erosion of rocks, melting of glaciers).

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information
Crosscutting Concepts: Stability and Change
Disciplinary Core Idea: Earth's Systems
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Use information from several sources to determine patterns and provide evidence that Earth events can occur quickly or slowly.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Earth events/natural phenomena
  • Earthquake
  • Flood
  • Tornado
  • Volcanic explosions
  • Glaciers
  • Erosion
  • Landslides
  • Weathering
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Earth events and the results of those events may occur slowly or rapidly.
  • Some events are much longer than can be observed.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Make observations and obtain information from multiple sources to provide evidence about Earth events.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Eart's events may change the Earth slowly or rapidly.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Soils and Shores
Pebbles, Sand, and Silt, FOSS
Shrinking Shore, ETA/hand2mind
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.3: The surface of Earth changes. Some changes are due to slow processes such as erosion and weathering, and some changes are due to rapid processes such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.8- Participate in multimedia activities (i.e., reading and video) that show Earth events happening over the short term or long term (e.g., volcano, earthquake, erosion, glacier).
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 8
Learning Activities: 1
Lesson Plans: 2
Classroom Resources: 5
9 ) Create models to identify physical features of Earth (e.g., mountains, valleys, plains, deserts, lakes, rivers, oceans).

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Developing and Using Models
Crosscutting Concepts: Patterns
Disciplinary Core Idea: Earth's Systems
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Develop a model, like a map, to represent the physical features of land and bodies of water in an area.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Physical features
  • Models
  • Mountains
  • Valleys
  • Plains
  • Deserts
  • Lakes
  • Rivers
  • Oceans
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • The physical features of Earth can be modeled, as on a map.
  • The relationship between components their model and kinds of land and bodies of water in a given area.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Create a model that represents both land and bodies of water in an area.
  • Make connections between their model and the shapes and kinds of land and water in an area.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Models can represent patterns in the natural world like the shapes and kinds of land and bodies of water in an area.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Soils and Shores
Pebbles, Sand, and Silt, FOSS
Shrinking Shore, ETA/hand2mind
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.3: The surface of Earth changes. Some changes are due to slow processes such as erosion and weathering, and some changes are due to rapid processes such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.9- Identify physical features of Earth (e.g., mountain, valley, river, lake).
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 6
Lesson Plans: 1
Classroom Resources: 5
10 ) Collect and evaluate data to identify water found on Earth and determine whether it is a solid or a liquid (e.g., glaciers as solid forms of water; oceans, lakes, rivers, streams as liquid forms of water).

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information
Crosscutting Concepts: Patterns
Disciplinary Core Idea: Earth's Systems
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Collect
  • Evaluate
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Glaciers
  • Oceans
  • Lakes
  • Rivers
  • Streams
  • Frozen
  • Ponds
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Water is found in many places on Earth.
  • Water exists as solid ice and in liquid form.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Identify which sources of information are likely to provide scientific information.
  • Collect and evaluate data to identify water found on Earth.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • There are observable patterns as to where water is found on Earth and what form it is in.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Soils and Shores
Pebbles, Sand, and Silt, FOSS
Shrinking Shore, ETA/hand2mind
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.4: Earth materials that occur in nature include rocks, minerals, soils, water, and the gases of the atmosphere.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.10- Identify places water is found on Earth as a liquid (e.g., river, lake, ocean) and as a solid (ice/glacier).
Earth and Human Activity
Science (2015)
Grade(s): 2
All Resources: 1
Lesson Plans: 1
11 ) Examine and test solutions that address changes caused by Earth's events (e.g., dams for minimizing flooding, plants for controlling erosion).*

Unpacked Content
Scientific And Engineering Practices:
Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
Crosscutting Concepts: Stability and Change
Disciplinary Core Idea: Earth and Human Activity
Evidence Of Student Attainment:
Students:
  • Compare and test multiple solutions designed to address changes in the shape of the land caused by Earth events.
Teacher Vocabulary:
  • Examine
  • Compare
  • Test solutions
  • Earth's events/natural phenomena
  • Flooding
  • Erosion
  • Wind breaks/technology
  • Dams/dikes/technology
  • Ask
  • Imagine
  • Plan
  • Create
  • Improve
  • Engineering Design Process
Knowledge:
Students know:
  • Wind and water can change the shape of the land on Earth, sometimes slowly and sometimes quickly.
  • Solutions that can slow or prevent wind or water from changing the land impacts the natural world.
Skills:
Students are able to:
  • Examine changes caused by Earth's events, like winds and floods.
  • Test, compare, and evaluate solutions (technologies) that address changes caused by Earth's events.
Understanding:
Students understand that:
  • Earth's events may change the land slowly or rapidly.
  • Developing and using technology has an impact on the natural world.
AMSTI Resources:
AMSTI Module:
Soils and Shores
Pebbles, Sand, and Silt, FOSS
Shrinking Shore, ETA/hand2mind
NAEP Framework
NAEP Statement::
E4.3: The surface of Earth changes. Some changes are due to slow processes such as erosion and weathering, and some changes are due to rapid processes such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes.

Alabama Alternate Achievement Standards
AAS Standard:
SCI.AAS.2.11- Participate in activities that model changes caused by Earth's events.