English Language Arts
ELA2021 (2021)
Grade: 1
| 7. Apply knowledge of phoneme-grapheme correspondences and word analysis skills to decode and encode words accurately both in isolation and within decodable, grade-appropriate texts.
a. Produce the most frequent sound(s) for each letter of the alphabet, including x, q, and the long and short sounds of the vowels.
Examples: x= /ks/; q=/kw/; a=/ă/ and /ā/, s= /s/ and /z/
b. Decode and encode regularly-spelled, one-syllable words with closed syllables, open syllables, and vowel-consonant-e syllables, including words with blends in initial and final position.
Note: Consonant blends should include st-, sm-, sn-, -st, -ft, -lp, sl, cr, cl, tr, dr, nt, nd, mp, and nk, at a minimum.
c. Decode words with digraphs, trigraphs, and combinations, including digraphs ck, sh, th, ch, wh, ph, ng, trigraphs tch and dge, and combination qu.
Note: Some programs/experts call wh a combination, others call it a digraph. Use common language across the school/district.
d. Decode words with a after w read /ä/ and a before l read /â/.
Examples: wash, water, wasp; tall, all, talk, small, fall
e. With prompting and support, decode words with the hard and soft sounds of c and g, in context and in isolation.
Examples: c=/k/ before a, o, u, or any consonant and c= /s/ before i, e, or y; g=/g/before a, o, u, or any consonant and g=/j/ before i, e, or y
f. Decode words with vowel y in the final position of one and two syllable words, distinguishing the difference between the long /ī/ sound in one-syllable words and the long /ē/ sound in two-syllable words, and words with vowel y in medial position, producing the short /ĭ/ sound for these words.
Examples: fly, my; baby, happy; myth, gym
g. Decode regularly spelled one-syllable words with vowel-r syllables, including ar, er, ir, or, and ur.
h. With prompting and support, decode words with common vowel team syllables, including ai, ay, ee, ea, igh, ie, oa, ou, ow, au, aw, oe, oo, ew, oi, oy, and ue.
i. With prompting and support, decode words that follow the -ild, -ost, -old, -olt, and -ind patterns.
Examples: mild, host, fold, jolt, kind
j. With prompting and support, decode two-syllable words using knowledge of closed syllables, open syllables, vowel-consonant-e syllables, vowel-r syllables, common vowel team syllables, and consonant-le syllables, including compound words that fit multiple syllable types.
k. With prompting and support, decode words with silent letter combinations.
Examples: kn, wr, mb, gh, gn
l. With prompting and support, decode words with common prefixes including un-, dis-, in-, re-, pre-, mis-, non-, and ex-.
m. With prompting and support, decode words with common suffixes, including words with dropped e and y-to-i changes for suffix addition.
Examples: -s, -ed, -ing, -es, -er, -est, -en, -y, -ly
n. Decode contractions with am, is, has, and not.
Examples: I'm, he's, she's, isn't, don't
o. Decode grade-appropriate high frequency words that are spelled using predictable, decodable phoneme-grapheme correspondences.
Examples: saw, all, made, can, his, walk, let, open, time |